feat: added is power of 4 method (TheAlgorithms#158)

Co-authored-by: madhuredra <[email protected]>

Author: dev-madhurendra

bit_manipulation/is_power_of_4.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/**
+ * @author : dev-madhurendra<https://github.com/dev-madhurendra>
+ * Checks whether the given number is a power of four or not.
+ *
+ * A number is considered a power of four if and only if there is a single '1' bit in its binary representation,
+ * and that '1' bit is at the first position, followed by an even number of '0' bits.
+ *
+ * @param {number} n - The input number to check.
+ * @returns {boolean} True if the number is a power of four, false otherwise.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const result = isPowerOfFour(16); // Returns true (16 is 4^2)
+ * const result2 = isPowerOfFour(5);  // Returns false (5 is not a power of four)
+ */
+export const isPowerOfFour = (n: number): boolean => ((n > 0) && ((n & n - 1) === 0) && (n % 3 === 1))

bit_manipulation/test/is_power_of_4.test.ts

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+import { isPowerOfFour } from "../is_power_of_4"
+
+describe('IsPowerOfFour', () => {
+  it.each([
+    [0, false],
+    [4, true],
+    [16, true],
+    [12, false],
+    [64, true],
+    [-64, false]
+  ])('should return the number %i is power of four or not', (n, expected) => {
+    expect(isPowerOfFour(n)).toBe(expected)
+  })
+})